Ganglia

• Clusters of neuron cell bodies located outside the brain and spinal cord. They act like relay stations for nerve signals in the peripheral nervous system.

Nucleus (plural: nuclei)

• A cluster of neuron cell bodies located inside the brain or spinal cord. They often have specific functions, like controlling movement or processing emotions.

Tract

• A bundle of axons (nerve fibers) in the central nervous system that carries signals between brain regions.

Lobe

• A large, visible section of the brain (like the frontal lobe or temporal lobe) that serves specific functions.

Cortex

• The outer layer of the brain, often involved in complex thinking, memory, and consciousness.

White Matter

• Areas of the brain made up mostly of axons, which connect different parts of the brain.

Gray Matter

• Areas made mostly of neuron cell bodies — where most processing happens.

Sulcus

• A groove or fold in the brain's surface.

Gyrus

• A ridge between two sulci on the brain surface.

Ventricle

• A fluid-filled cavity in the brain that helps cushion and nourish it.